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Chunks and embeddings explained for GPT builders

Last checked October 18, 2026
Short answerChunking splits your documents into passages, and embeddings turn each passage into numbers that represent its meaning. Retrieval finds the passages closest to a question, so well-structured, self-contained sections work best.

Chunks

A chunk is a passage of your document, often a few paragraphs. Systems send only the best-matching chunks to the model. If an answer is split across two chunks or buried in a long table, it may be missed.

Embeddings

An embedding is a list of numbers that represents the meaning of a piece of text. Similar meanings give similar numbers. A question is embedded the same way and compared to the stored chunks in a vector store.

Write files that chunk well

If answers are missing, see knowledge file problems. Practical guidance: splitting files.

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